malodorous: may range from the unpleasant to the strongly offensive: ~ unidentified substances in the refrigerator.


stinking: suggests the foul or disgusting: prisoners were held in ~ cells. (foul: 恶臭肮脏~ language脏话)


fetid: implies an odor which is peculiarly offensive: skunk cabbage is a ~ weed.

noisome: adds a suggestion of being harmful or unwholesome as well as offensive: a ~ toxic waste dump.



putrid: implies particularly the sickening odor of decaying organic matter: the typically ~ smell of a fish pier.


rancid: suggests foulness of both taste and smell, usually of fatty substances that have spoiled: the unmistakable stink of ~ butter.  (spoil和decay同义表示腐坏但多指食物)


rank: suggests a strong, unpleasant, but not necessarily foul smell: rooms filled with the ~ smoke of cigars.


fusty: suggests lack of fresh air and sunlight and implies prolonged uncleanness: the ~ rooms of a bus station.


musty: implies staleness markedby dampness, darkness, and moldiness: the ~ odor of a damp cellar.


malodorous难闻: 应用范围广，从不好闻到强烈难闻(strongly offensive冒犯)，stinking恶臭: 恶臭恶心，fetid独特难闻: 指独特特有的(peculiar独特特有)难闻味道，noisome难闻有害: 除表示难闻还表示有害健康，putrid腐臭: 腐坏有机物的让人厌恶气味(sicken近似disgusting)，rancid也是腐臭: 通常指腐坏脂类，可以是嗅觉或味觉，rank难闻: 强烈难闻但未必恶臭(如烟草味)，fusty暗臭: 形容缺少阳光新鲜空气、不卫生的味道，musty霉臭: 进一步指明潮湿黑暗发霉的不新鲜味道，程度加强。


记忆方法:  1）首字母MSFNPRRFM重组成2FRM和PSN，FRM想成FRoM来自，PSN想成PoiSoN毒药，来自毒药==>难闻

          2）难闻的意思是气味不好闻mean having a bad or unpleasant smell.